Description: Slide 1: Fundamentals of Thermodynamics
Slide 2: P1= 100 kPa

Slide 3: Work done in a Polytropic Process
Slide 4: Specific Heat
Slide 5: For an ideal gas at constant pressure, it takes more heat to achieve the same temperature
Slide 6: Enthalpy which is defined to be the sum of the internal energy U plus the product of the
Slide 7: Heat capacity ratio
Slide 8:

Slide 9: Second Law of Thermodynamics
Slide 10: Second Law of Thermodynamics
Slide 11: Second Law of Thermodynamics
Slide 12: An external-combustion engine
Slide 13: The fraction of the heat input that is converted to net work output is a measure of the
Slide 14: The amount of heat supplied to the gas is greater than the work done since part of the
Slide 15: The Clausius statement

Slide 16: The  transfer of heat from a low-temperature medium to a high-temperature one requires
Slide 17: Second Law of Thermodynamics
Slide 18: 18
Slide 19: Entropy
Slide 20: With entropy of a closed system naturally increasing, this means that the energy quality will
Slide 21: The change in entropy is given by
Slide 22: 22
Slide 23: As we know that Work done by or on a system
Slide 24: Entropy Change of an Incompressible Substance
Slide 25: If Specific heat is Function of Temperature
Slide 26: Thermal process on T-s and p-v diagrams
Slide 27: Isentropic process is an idealized  process that is both adiabatic and reversible.
Slide 28: A reversible process is defined as a process that can be reversed with­out leaving any
Slide 29: A process can be reversible only when its
Slide 30: Irreversibilities

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