Description: Slide 1: Work(N-m or Joule)
Slide 2: E.g. expansion of an ideal gas in a cylinder having frictionless movable
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Slide 7: Reversible Processes

Slide 8: Reversible process is actually not feasible but we can
Slide 9: Irreversible Processes

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Slide 12: Isothermal expansion of a piston– cylinder assembly

Slide 13: Since the piston is originally at rest, the pressure inside the piston can
Slide 14: The ideal gas law can be applied to this isothermal process to give:

Slide 15: Isothermal compression process

Slide 16: We see it costs us more work to compress the piston back to state 1
Slide 17: Energy
Slide 18: Energy
Slide 19: Total energy of a system in two groups:

Slide 20: The microscopic forms of energy are those related to the
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Slide 22: Sensible energy: exchange of heat changes the temperature of the
Slide 23: Mechanical energy
Slide 24: In fact, the pressure unit ‘Pa’ is equivalent to

Slide 25: Flow work is expressed in terms of fluid properties, and it is
Slide 26: It can also be expressed in rate form as

Slide 27: Importantly, mass and molar flow rates relate to velocity:

Slide 28: Kinetic energy (N-m or J) 
Slide 29: When a body of mass m, acted upon by a force F, is displaced a
Slide 30: This equation may now be integrated for a finite change in velocity
Slide 31: Potential Energy
Slide 32: If a body of mass m is raised from an initial elevation z1 to a final
Slide 33: The work done on a body in elevating it is said to produce a
Slide 34: Energy Conservation
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Slide 36: Heat is defined as the form of energy that is transferred between
Slide 37: Heat always flows from a higher temperature to a lower one.

Slide 38: A process during which there is no heat transfer is called an
Slide 39: An adiabatic process should not be confused with an
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Slide 41: Rate of heat transfer: The amount of heat transferred per

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